What is glycerin (kLk)?
In a simple definition or statement in response to the question of what glycerin is, it can be said that it is an organic, odorless and transparent substance that is used in many different industries. In fact, in the past, it was used as the best substance for skin softness and suppleness. This substance is made of a combination of hydrogen, oxygen and carbon and has very good compatibility with the environment. It is interesting to know that products that have more glycerin in their composition are suitable for people with sensitive skin, creating good skin moisture for them.
Glycerin (kLk) is a transparent and odorless liquid that is found in most animal and vegetable fats such as (fats found in the skin). This substance is considered a sugar alcohol. It exists in various forms, traditional (petrochemical industries) and natural (animal and vegetable). It is worth noting that the commercial version is made from propylene alcohol or natural products (vegetable oils) that are used in most skin care products. This colorless liquid is easily soluble in water, while it will not dissolve well in organic solvents and ethanol. It is better to know that this substance easily loses its water in the presence of other substances and heat and will turn into fuming aldehyde (which has a very bad smell).
A significant point that you need to know about this issue is that this product is used in various industries such as chemical solvents, in the production of paints, in the pharmaceutical industry, cosmetics and health products, pharmacy, in the production of detergents and shampoos, food, greases, etc., and we will discuss each of their uses in the following:
Glycerin
Technical Specifications of Glycerin
| Chemical Name | Glycerin |
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| Chemical Formula | C3H8O3 |
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| Melting Point | 18.17°C |
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| Boiling Point | 290°C |
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| Solubility in Water | Easily Dissolves |
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| Appearance | Transparent, sweet liquid, Viscous |
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| Application | Food and industrial |
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Uses of glycerin
- It will be used in the formulation of cosmetic and skin care products to maintain moisture and protect the skin.
- It is used to prevent toothpaste from drying out in tubes.
- Creams made from this substance absorb more moisture than creams made from hyaluronic acid or silicone oils and also prevent water loss.
- It is widely used in the production of products such as shampoos, cosmetic creams, soaps, etc. to create softness and uniformity of cosmetics on the face.
- In the pharmaceutical industry, it is used to moisturize tablets, dissolve drugs, and also to increase viscosity.
- In medicines to treat ear infections, It is used in cough syrup, as a carrier for antibiotics and disinfectants, and in medical capsules.
- It is used in suppositories, heart medications, and cough suppressants.
- It is used intravenously (to prevent swelling of the veins).
- Oral supplements of this substance help reduce eye pressure (eye disorders such as glaucoma). Its oral form will prevent constipation because it provides plenty of water to the intestines.
- Glycerin is used as a moisturizer to prevent roughness, dryness, and itching.
Use of glycerin in various industries
Some other uses of glycerin
Glycerin is present in egg yolk. In the human brain, it is in the form of monoglyceric acid.
- In the food industry: As we mentioned in the text above, glycerin is considered a sugar alcohol.
- In confectionery, it is used as a moisturizer, bulking agent, and thickener. It is used as a sweetener or solvent for products.
- It is used as a preservative in processed fruits, canned goods, and jam production.
- It is used as a softening agent in bread, meat, cakes, chocolate, cheese, etc.
- It is used to prevent the formation of ice crystals in some foods such as ice cream, yogurt, and some desserts.
- Glycerin is added to some dried fruits to maintain moisture.
- Explosives: It is used in the production of explosives such as dynamite. It is actually produced by the reaction between nitric acid, glycerol, and sulfuric acid. If this substance is exposed to heat, it explodes easily.
How is glycerin produced?
As we mentioned in the text above, the main source of this substance is from the fatty tissue of plants (olive oil) as well as the fatty tissue of animals. In fact, the main method of producing this widely used substance is (its production from a reaction called saponification reaction). In this process, the fat reacts with alkali and glycerin and soap are obtained after the operation (distillation and separation). It is interesting to know that glycerin is in fats in the form of a combination with stearic acid, oleic acid and palmitic acid (acid found in dates).
Glycerin can be produced from petroleum sources and is a by-product in the production of biodiesel. It goes without saying that it is more economical to produce this substance artificially. However, it can be prepared with the help of propylene. This substance can be obtained from vegetable oils such as corn, soybean, coconut, rapeseed, and finally palm kernel oil. A notable point that is worth knowing about the vegetable and industrial types of glycerin is that the vegetable type is better and of higher quality and can be used for health purposes.
Glycerin in explosives
Disadvantages of glycerin
Excessive use of glycerin causes dehydration and dryness of the skin. This substance is safe for adults. If consumed as an edible substance, it will cause problems such as diarrhea, vomiting, thirst, bloating, dizziness, and headaches. If this substance is injected into the veins, it causes extensive damage to red blood cells. The special property (moisturizing) of this substance makes it one of the highest quality and most suitable products for dry skin. Because it absorbs enough moisture to hydrate and prevents moisture loss.
If you taste this substance, see a doctor as soon as possible. As you know, this substance is widely used in a variety of foods and treats, so if a small amount of it is tasted, it is unlikely to be harmful. When working with it and to prevent contact with eyes and skin, use special clothing, glasses, and a mask. The price of this substance is cheap and anyone can easily buy it.
It is better to know that sometimes some people develop allergies when using glycerin, resulting in redness, itching, and dryness of their skin. In general, this substance is not flammable. If you develop an allergy to glycerin while using it, it is better to avoid using it. In some cases, it may release very dangerous toxic fumes. In case of eye or skin contact with this substance, it is better to wash it off.
Storage and packaging conditions of glycerin
For better shelf life and preservation and to prevent spoilage of this substance, it is stored in polymer and metal barrels in a dry and cool place. If it comes into contact with the eyes, it can easily cause serious and irreparable damage to them and sometimes causes burning or irritation of the skin.
If it is exposed to heat, it easily catches fire. This chemical will easily catch fire at a temperature of 393 degrees Celsius and, if decomposed, it turns into a toxic substance called acrolein. It is better to know that this substance has a pH of 5 to 8. The best and most suitable storage conditions are at 2 to 8 degrees Celsius.
Melting and boiling point of glycerin
This substance will melt at 18 degrees Celsius, so it is a liquid at room temperature. Its boiling point is 290 degrees Celsius and it will have a very strong intermolecular force, which is one of the most important reasons for its high boiling point. Since this substance is highly hygroscopic, it easily absorbs water. For this reason, it is placed in moisture-free packaging to prevent this.
This substance does not react when in contact with oxygen. If it comes into contact with metals such as iron, copper may oxidize, so do not put it in contact with metals. Its melting point is 18 degrees Celsius, storing it at low temperatures causes bubbles to form inside it and has a negative effect on its appearance. It should be noted that if this substance is pure and there is no water in it, no bubbles will form inside it.
Glycerin
Where is it best to get glycerin?
Depending on the type of use of glycerin, you can easily get it from various sources. To get it in bulk, you can get it from chemical sales companies. Also, to obtain edible glycerin, go to pharmacies and health product sales centers.
